ORMORM Manickavasagam Chetty V TJ McGregor free essay sample

The proviso was enlisted with the Registrar of Titles. An asserted that the lien had been lost when R withdrew with the title. He needs R to pull back his proviso with the goal that cross-move can be executed. (Since there was admonition, enlistment Of move was cannot. ) Held: S 134 of the Land Code: When a lien is proposed to be made over any land the owner may store his award, rent of State land, authentication of title, or concentrate from the mike register, and the individual with whom the equivalent has been saved ay present an admonition. Endless supply of such proviso the lien will be made. Corrosive must be stored to the individual who wished to go into a lien-holders proviso Cline isn't endless supply of title as it was previously (S 80 of Registration of Titles Enactment) however endless supply of the admonition. Lien may not be lost where ownership is not, at this point held. We will compose a custom article test on ORMORM Manickavasagam Chetty V TJ McGregor or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The test whether a lien is in presence is whether there is a proviso on the land or not. (not whether the title is still in the ownership of the lien-holder.Not having he title under lock and key doesn't imply that the lien stopped to exist or the lien-holder had expected to surrender the lien. Admonition was still in power. Respondent was no longer possessing the piece of the title for the land over which the lien was made isn't proof that the lien has stopped to exist. He can't pull back the current admonition and cabin a new one (SSL 75 of the Land Code precludes enlistment of second proviso). Must see the expectation of the leaving behind the title. On the off chance that the aim to leave behind DID was to surrender the lien, at that point he lien would become invalid.If the splitting of the DID was for different purposes e. G. Property is conveyed to the proprietor for some specific reason on an endeavor by the proprietor that he will return it, at that point the lien is as yet legitimate. Ors prompt aim in giving up the title was to empower the Collector to sub-isolate. That demonstration didn't deny himself of his lien. Ors rights to be qualified for a lien under S 134 are not influenced by an understanding between co-proprietors to partition land and execute cross exchanges.

The Tiber River of Rome

The Tiber River of Rome The Tiber is one of longest streams in ​Italy. It is around 250 miles in length and fluctuates somewhere in the range of 7 and 20 feet down. It is the second longest stream in Italy, after the Po. The Tiber streams from the Apennines at Mount Fumaiolo through Rome and into the Tyrrhenian Sea at Ostia. The greater part of the city of Rome is toward the east of the Tiber River. The territory toward the west, remembering the island for the Tiber, Insula Tiberina, was in Augustus XIVth locale of Rome. Birthplace of the Name Tiber The Tiber was initially called Albulula on the grounds that it was so white, however it was renamed Tiberis after Tiberinus, who was a ruler of Alba Longa who suffocated in the waterway. Theodor Mommsen says the Tiber was the characteristic roadway for traffic in Latium and gave an early guard against neighbors on the opposite side of the stream, which in the region of Rome runs around southwards. History of the Tiber In times long past, ten extensions were worked over the Tiber. Eight spread over the Tiber, while two allowed entry to the island. Chateaus lined the riverside, and nurseries prompting the stream furnished Rome with new leafy foods. The Tiber was likewise a significant expressway for Mediterranean exchange of oil, wine, and wheat. The Tiber was a significant military concentration for a long time. During the third century B.C.E., Ostia (a town on the Tiber) turned into a maritime base for the Punic Wars. The Second Veientine War (437-434 or 428-425 B.C.E.) was battled about control of an intersection of the Tiber. The contested intersection was at Fidenae, five miles upstream from Rome. Endeavors to tame the Tibers floods were ineffective. While today it streams between high dividers, during Roman occasions it routinely flooded its shores. The Tiber as a Sewer The Tiber was associated with the Cloaca Maxima, the sewer arrangement of Rome, credited to lord Tarquinius Priscus. The Cloaca Maxima was worked during the 6th century B.C.E. as a trench, or channel, through the city. In view of a current stream, it was extended and fixed with stone. By the third century B.C.E. the open channel had been fixed with stone and secured with a vaulted stone rooftop. Simultaneously, Augustus Caesar had significant fixes made to the framework. The first reason for the Cloaca Maxima was not to cart away waste, yet rather to oversee stormwater to maintain a strategic distance from floods. Water from the Forum locale streamed downhill to the Tiber through the Cloaca. It wasnt until the hour of the Roman Empire that open showers and lavatories were associated with the framework. Today, the Cloaca is as yet obvious and still deals with a modest quantity of Romes water. A significant part of the first stonework has been supplanted by concrete.

8,726,400 SOS A Summer With Tulip Interfaces, Inc

8,726,400 SOS A Summer With Tulip Interfaces, Inc *written by Sharon L. 21 as a part of the 8,726,500 Seconds of Summer guest post series* Have you ever considered how everyday objects like sneakers and computer monitors are manufactured? As it turns out, it’s a pretty involved process that involves passing components between various factory workers and machines, as well as quality control devices in between. Regardless of your role within the factory, whether it’s figuring out how many products are being made each day or even putting together parts, manufacturing can be disorientingly involved. Unfortunately, many manufacturing plants use fairly manual processes for figuring out these measures and relaying instruction changes.  Tulip engineers demoing the factory workbench, along with the Tulip gateway and platform setup on the monitors. That’s one of the problems the startup I’m working at this summer is tackling. Tulip, a spin-off from the MIT Media Lab LuminAR project, is creating a manufacturing platform to digitize factory processes. The tools include audit, quality acceptance, work instructions, tutorials, machine monitoring, and data insights for apps that factory managers can create to distribute to workers on the shop floor. I’m an intern with the IoT (Internet of Things) Systems team, where I work on building software that connects hardware devices and communicates information across the gateways. I’ve been at the company for three weeks now, and every day has been exciting and full of surprises. I usually get to the office between 9am-10am, when most of the others are also making their way in. Each morning begins with a stand up, where everyone on the team talks about their progress the day before and what they plan on working on today. It’s really helpful to be able to express pain points explicitly and to have open discussions about obstacles, as well as to share victories with the rest of team. Work is divided into two-week sprints, where we organize ourselves into major projects in order to split up important work and keep the product moving forward. During the day, between snack and tea breaks, we work on individual “tickets”, or tasks that we’ve taken on from the previous sprint. One of the Platform team engineers made homemade caramel-filled cookies as one of our intern gifts! Generally, I’ve been able to bike to work everyday, which is definitely preferable to a long walk or commute. From the first day onwards, I’ve been able to work on ongoing projects and improvements to the company’s many tools alongside the full-time engineers and developers, and it’s really interesting to learn about best practices from code reviews and pair programming, as well as to tour the hardware labs and quality testing spaces to learn about what the other teams are working on. I’ve already learned a lot about utilizing the Linux kernel and shell, building scripts for automating commands, concurrency, writing device drivers, building a custom operating system, and other topics I’d read about or learned in classes, but hadn’t had the chance to utilize on my own. It’s really convenient to be able to find the author of many parts of the codebase somewhere in the office if I want to ask a question about a method, or to easily be able to make contributions of my own. The culture at the company is definitely one that reminds me of my friends and classes back at MIT. Everyone works hard and helps one another whenever problems arise there’s always open communication about goals and expectations, and if you don’t understand how to use a tool, for instance, you can be sure that the person who does is willing to help you learn. Every few weeks, we have a company-wide State of the Tulip, where each team discusses and celebrates successes and plans for the coming month. Even though I’m working in software development, I feel as though I’ve been able to meet and have conversations with anyone from Sales, Marketing, and Hardware, to the Customer Team. In addition, we regularly meet to discuss how we will work together with Hardware and Apps to test the products we’re building and how we plan on moving forward with projects. Hearing about new partnerships and upcoming trade shows reminds me of the ongoing momentum and growth the company is experiencing, and that our contributions are really adding to improving the product and growing its reach. Candle Pin Bowling This is also assisted by company-wide lunches that we have every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, as well as regular company events. For instance, we regularly celebrate “Tulipversaries” when full-timers celebrate another year at the company, birthdays, potlucks, and even an intern event at Flatbread, where all of the interns got to meet each other over candlepin bowling and JP Licks. Many of the employees also organize their own get-togethers afterwards, whether they include rock climbing, running, tabletop games, or even making food to bring to the office. I can’t forget to mention the office is dog-friendly, so there’s never any shortage of adorable fluffy friends to keep you company during coding sprints. This, along with the fact that the company is located near the Taza chocolate factory, makes for some really great mornings. I can’t begin to emphasize how much I’ve been able to learn about the business, operations, sales, marketing, and other divisions of running a startup just from speaking with the respective team leaders, co-founders, and engineers in the company. Being able to work alongside so many talented people and hearing about their past endeavors always makes my day, and I’m definitely looking forward to the rest of my summer at Tulip. Post Tagged #8726400 Seconds of Summer #A Day In The Life Of

Napoleon Bonaparte - 910 Words

Napoleon Bonaparte or should I say the Son of the Revolution, I believe was both a preserver and a destroyer of the French Revolution. In fact, In a sense, Napoleon brought the revolution to an end in 1799, but he was also a child of the revolution (Spielvogel 544, 1). Napoleon had helped the French people and the French government in various ways; nevertheless, Napoleon thought that constantly the people owed him. I think that this is how he acted like a child. Napoleon became commander of the French army in 1796 in Italy. Since he was now the commander he was reliable to do what he had to for the French without the people owing him anything. Moreover, from the time he became commander he had fought and won numerous wars beginning†¦show more content†¦Europe at one time did have factories which were stocked with quite expensive items, but because of other companies taking over them prices fell and people were left unemployed. Europe had a high death rate because of lack o f food and terrible living conditions. In Europe there was a lot of poverty whereas in Great Britain there was not. Because of emigrants coming from all over to Europe especially, people from Ireland, Europes population began to grow. It was then that Europe soon would be exposed to experience industrialization. How did the Industrial Revolution affect the family, the role of women, and living conditions? The Industrial Revolution affected families in countless different ways. For the bulk of people who were in the working class lived in small houses. Considering that these houses were so small, the people in them would be crammed together. There were 63 families where there were at least five persons to a bed; and there were some in which even six were packed in one bed, lying at the top and bottom-children and adults (Spievogel 569, 1). The houses were unsanitary and the people from the working class were more likely to come in contact with a disease. The people of the working class were not as physically healthy looking because they did not eat and live as well as the middle class or wealthy did. The working classes had very poor working conditions and were not paid fairly. Not just the men worked, but womenShow MoreRelatedNapoleon Bonaparte2242 Words   |  9 PagesNapoleon Bonaparte w as a ruthless killer who hungered for power alone. He sacrificed much in order to contribute a great deal to the world by winning battles and discovering things such as the Rosetta Stone in Egypt. His thirst for control and power cost him everything he worked so hard for consequently leading to exile. The notorious Napoleon Bonaparte was born August 15, 1769, the second of eight children, on the little island of Corsica. The industrial revolution in Britain had already begunRead MoreEssay Napoleon Bonaparte1268 Words   |  6 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Napoleon was born on August 15th, 1769 in Ajaccio (Capital of Corsica) which is an island 70 miles west of Italy. His parents were Carlo Bonaparte and Letizia Ramolino. They got married when Carlo was 18 and Letizia was 14, this was in 1764. Letizia was the one who was always putting food on the table, Carlo was way to lazy. His father was interested in politics. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Napoleon got sent to military school (Brienne Military Academy) in 1778Read More Napoleon Bonaparte Essay1816 Words   |  8 Pages Napoleon Bonaparte is regarded as one of the greatest military and political masterminds in the history of man. Napoleon’s brilliance led him through extremely successful Italian campaigns, major battles against the Third Coalition and helped him rule politically to keep the gains of the revolution. Napoleon, through his military conquests and political alterations, made France a great nation. Napoleon Bonaparte was born on August 15th, 1769 in small town of Ajaccio on the island of Corsica. HeRead MoreNapoleon Bonaparte Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesNapoleon Bonaparte has been called a hero by some and a villain by many others. He was the First Consul of France, then the emperor of France, and finally an outlaw. Napoleon had a meteoric rise to power in the late 18th century, and lasted to the early 19th century. He was able to rise to power through his great military victories and he was able to keep his power by fending off enemies in wars and with some reforms. Napoleon started his life good, but different than many French rulers. NapoleonRead MoreEssay Napoleon Bonaparte1290 Words   |  6 PagesNapoleon Bonaparte   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Napoleon Bonaparte is considered to be one of the greatest conquers and captains of modern times. In history perhaps no one person has ever aroused so many intense opposite emotions. Perhaps no one had ever claimed as much of the admiration, fear, and hatred of all men as did Napoleon. Napoleon was a man with many sides. He started many of his challenging voyages and defeats as a young child and they continued throughout his life. He had many accomplishments and manyRead MoreThe Principles Of Napoleon Bonaparte1020 Words   |  5 Pagesimportant characteristics you need as a leader. Napoleon Bonaparte displays both principles exquisitely in his lifetime, as he has had many accomplishments throughout his life. The reason for me choosing Napoleon as my leader is because he had an outstanding life as a military leader and emperor. Napoleon revolutionized military strategies and restructured the government and education systems in France and the countries it cont rolled. Napoleon Bonaparte was born on August 15, 1796, in Ajaccio, CorsicaRead More NAPOLEON BONAPARTE Essay620 Words   |  3 Pages Napoleon was one of the most important figures in European history. As one of the greatest military leaders, Napoleon did many things to modernize the European nations he ruled. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In 1769, Napoleon Bonaparte was born in Ajaccio, Corsica. His middle class family was of Italian descent. After completing his education, Napoleon went to France to become a solider. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In Napoleon’s first battle as leader of an army, he became famous. By pointingRead More Napoleon Bonaparte Essay2965 Words   |  12 Pages Napoleon Bonaparte Corsica is a rugged island in the Mediterranean, which lies sixty miles off the coast of Italy. The Corsicans are proud and independent people. In 1768, when the French took over the island from Genoa, an Italian state, the Corsicans rebelled and fought for their freedom. But they were unsuccessful. Their leader, Pasquale Paoli, was driven into exile. Several months later, on August 15, 1769, Napoleon Bonaparte was born in Ajaccio, a major port on the island. He was the second-bornRead MoreNapoleon Bonaparte Essay1928 Words   |  8 PagesNapoleon Bonaparte One of the most brilliant individuals in history, Napoleon Bonaparte was a masterful soldier, and a superb administrator. He was also utterly ruthless, a dictator and, later in his career, thought he could do no wrong. Not a Frenchman by birth, Napoleon Bonaparte was born at Ajaccio on Corsica only just sold to France by the Italian state of Genoa on August 15, 1769.He attended French at the school of Autun and later the military academy at Brienne. He never fully mastered FrenchRead MoreLIFE OF NAPOLEON BONAPARTE Essay2562 Words   |  11 Pagesexplain the rise and downfall of Napoleon Bonaparte I in France. His goal was to conquer all of Europe and throughout his life he nearly succeeded. He rose through the confusion of the French revolution to become Emperor of the French. Napoleon had once said, â€Å"I am the Revolution,† and he never ceased to remind the French that they owed to him the preservation of all that was beneficial in the revolutionary program. (Spielvogel, 2007) â€Æ' Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Arguably one of the most brilliant

The Importance of Diversity Management - 1829 Words

The need for communication within the organization is now as critical as external communication. The reason for this is grounded in rising diversity issues which can lead to cultural clashes and sexual harassment issues but that is not all; conflicts of any kind can be detrimental to the performance of the entire organization and hence we need more effective communication strategies to deal with all these issues in the workplace. diversity management is one of the key issues facing corporate America today. Higher number of female workers along with influx of immigrants from various racial and ethnic backgrounds in the workforce has prompted a need for diversity management because lack of the same can cause serious legal and performance problems. Diversity management refers to the strategies that seek to create a positive and healthy environment for everyone at the workplace. In more meaningful terms, diversity management is any effort made to train managers and other employees to get along with each other in a more positive manner. Diversity management is closely connected with good overall performance because it results in reduction of costs associated with unnecessary turnover, employee clashes, and lawsuits. Another major reason why companies perform better is because of the positive reputation they enjoy in the market when diversity management is in place. If a firm is known to be an equal opportunity provider that makes every effort to handle diversity in anShow MoreRelatedHR Roles and Responsibilities Paper 997 Words   |  4 Pages Human resource management is described as the policies, practices, and systems that influence employees behavior, attitudes, and performance.(Noe, R., Hollenbeck, J., Gerhert, B., Wright, P. (2003). Fundamentals of human resource management, 1e. McGraw-Hill Companies.) The human resource department is essential to the progress of an organization. When a company is equipped withRead MoreDiversity For Success Of The Company1036 Words   |  5 Pagesin the workplace. The author reveals that management has to ensure it successfully handles diversity in the workforce. The author argues that in the current workforce, which is diverse, the challenge is exclusion. The book has compiled extensive current information on social policy trends, legislative and demographic, as well as the analysis of causes and effects of workforce exclusion, and reveals that learning about how to manage the issue of diversity is critical. Therefore, based on the extensiveRead MoreThe Issues Of Diversity For Succ ess Of The Company1037 Words   |  5 Pagesinclusiveness in the workplace. The author reveals that management has to ensure it successfully handles diversity in the workforce. The author argues that in the current workforce, which is diverse, the challenge is exclusion. The book compiles extensive current information on social policy trends, legislative and demographic, as well as the analysis of causes and effects of workforce exclusion, and reveals that learning about how to manage the issue of diversity is critical. Therefore, based on the extensiveRead MoreDefining Diversity: the Evolution of Diversity1435 Words   |  6 PagesDEFINING DIVERSITY: THE EVOLUTION OF DIVERSITY by Camille Kapoor 1. INTRODUCTION: WHAT IS DIVERSITY? The concept of diversity encompasses acceptance and respect. It means understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing our individual differences. These can be along the dimensions of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, age, physical ability, religious beliefs, political beliefs, or other ideologies. It is the exploration of these differencesRead MoreAchieving a Competitive Advantage: Managing Diversity1249 Words   |  5 PagesManaging Diversity can help an organisation achieve a competitive advantage Rapidly changing demographics in particular western countries place more importance than ever on the need to manage diversity in the workplace. XYZ is a relatively new diversity strategy that has emerged from earlier concepts of Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative Action. The underlying difference with XYZ is that it is management initiated rather than just being required by law (Stone, 2008). This essay willRead MoreManaging Diversity Through Self-Awareness and Personal Motivation1306 Words   |  6 PagesManaging Diversity through Self-Awareness and Personal Motivation Managing diversity has the potential to be one of the most challenging issues for healthcare management. Healthcare organizational growth requires an increase in workforce, and workforce is becoming more multicultural and diverse. In order for one to manage diversity effectively, one must be self-aware and personally motivated. One’s self-awareness and behavior have the potential to be influenced by different factors such as cultureRead Morefgdgdg1732 Words   |  7 PagesObjectives Define organizational diversity and distinguish between affirmative action and diversity management. Distinguish multicultural, plural, and monolithic organizations. Describe the demographic characteristics of the U.S. population and explain their implications for the composition of the workplace. Discuss general changes in the United States that are increasing the importance of managing diversity effectively. Understand why successfully managing diversity is extremely important for high-involvementRead MoreDiversity Within The Organization : Workforce Diversity Management Essay1325 Words   |  6 PagesThe term â€Å"diversity† usually refers to individual characteristics such as gender, ethnicity, culture, age but as time has advanced, it is now also known to defer between those of sexual orientation and physical or mental abilities. Through time, not only the notion of diversity has become more broad but it has also been more focused on. Due to its ability to provide benefits such as improved morale, contrasting perceptions and strategies, enhanced teamwork and mutual understanding within the organisationRead MoreFunctions And Functions Of Management1113 Words   |  5 PagesThere are four primary functions involving management, which are considered the very life line and it’s existent. These four functions are instrumental and detrimental to the success and longevity of any company. Without these vital staples, a company is doomed before it is birth, and they are planning, organizing, leading and controlling. However, there is another essential component to the functions of management, and it is the important of diversity. In this paper I will identify the detailedRead MoreThe Changing Role of Hr Management1106 Words   |  5 PagesRole of HR Management University of Phoenix Human Resources Management The Changing Role of HR Management For years, businesses relied on personnel departments for the management of their employees. The primary concerns of the personnel departments included attendance records, benefits, and salary. Therefore, the personnel departments did not consider the importance of contributions a company’s employees made to the business. These contributions included such things as diversity and intellectual

Obstacles Older Adults Nutritional Food Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(340) " money is a major cause of nutrient insecurity, seniors sometimes â€Å" have adequate money for nutrient but are non able to entree nutrient because of transit or functional restrictions, or are non able to decently utilize nutrient because of functional damages and wellness jobs † \( Wolfe, Frongillo A ; Valois, 2010 \) \." As concluded by a reappraisal of the literature, the subject of hungriness and older grownups is drastically understudied. However, hungriness is an issue impacting the older grownup Afro-american population peculiarly in hapless, developing metropoliss such as Chester, Pennsylvania. The intent of this survey is to look into the barriers to nutrient security among the aged life in this country and farther heighten the current research ; the focal point will be on deficiency of mobility, socioeconomic position, and deficiency of cognition on proper nutrition and where to entree equal nutrient. We will write a custom essay sample on Obstacles Older Adults Nutritional Food Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The information will be gathered by a subjective question/answer study entitled Household Food Insecurity Access Scale ( HFIAS ) . This study will be distributed to Afro-american grownups 65 and older life in the Chester, PA country. The informations acquired from this survey will ease the execution of future plans in order to give older grownups in the Chester, PA country equal entree to nutritionary nutrient. The troubles of turning old frequently make one think of an addition in furrows, trouble with mobility, finance problems, worsening wellness, and loss of sight. However, a common happening non thought of when discoursing the predicaments of an older individual is hunger stabs ; the aged often experience a deficiency of equal nutrition, trouble affording repasts, jobs with mobility impacting trips to a food market shop, and a figure of other factors impacting their entree to nutritionary nutrient. The combination of these factors make it highly hard for aged grownups, particularly those populating in ignored metropoliss like Chester, Pennsylvania, to achieve equal nutrient and nutrition in order to pull off a healthy life style. To do affairs more hard, the aged are frequently excessively proud to inquire for aid when it comes to any of the battles they face as a member of the older population, doing an inauspicious consequence on their wellness, wellbeing, and quality of life. The Current State of the Problem The continuity of hungriness in a development, hardworking state like the U.S. is â€Å" the most profound contradiction of our age † ( Cohen A ; Reeves, 2005 ) . About 800 million in the underdeveloped universe, about 20 per centum of the entire population, are inveterate malnourished ( Cohen A ; Reeves, 2005 ) . Research has besides shown that at least 2 billion people suffer from vitamin and mineral lacks ( Cohen A ; Reeves, 2005 ) . The aged are a population enormously at hazard for this terrorization world. As the baby-boomer population is coming of age, there is a important rise in the Numberss of aged people in society ( Metz, 2000 ) . Research shows that people 65 and older represent 37 million people in the U.S. , about 12 per centum of the population at big. With such a representative per centum of Americans in this class, the troubles impacting their quality of life are of important importance. Quality of life in old age can frequently be affected by mobility, finance problems, unequal nutrition, sick wellness, and other troubles, although the relationship is non clear ( Metz, 2000 ) . Literature Review Discussions of the older population normally focuses on the disablements that diminish older grownups ‘ capableness to â€Å" obtain nutrient and and/or prepare repasts † ( Roe, 1990 ) . In a survey of hungriness and the aged, Schlenker ( 1984 ) â€Å" concluded that deficiency of entree to cooking installations may explicate their reported hungriness † ( Roe, 1990 ) . Poverty has besides been identified as a finding factor of diet insufficiencies in the aged ( Roe, 1990 ) . Posner ( 1979 ) â€Å" emphasized that those aged with really low incomes non merely hold less money to pass on nutrient, but they besides may hold more disablements that diminish nutrient entree than less destitute elderly, who have better wellness attention † ( Roe, 1990 ) . These factors have all been identified as critical determiners of hungriness and unequal entree to nutrient, yet no old surveies have determined which factors have a conjoining consequence, a more terrible impact, and how to repair these issues. The day of the months of these surveies, all before 1990 besides necessitate the demand for a more recent survey ; â€Å" Governments and international and national bureaus implementing nutrient and nutrition plans need information on the population ‘s nutrient insecurity to inform determination devising, proctor alteration and measure impact † ( FANTA, 2008 ) . The construct of mobility can hold an impact on many other countries of life, such as it does on adequate entree to nutrition. A research survey to achieve more information in this country is necessitated peculiarly because by look intoing the loss of mobility with increasing age and the impact this has on accessing equal nutrition could heighten the quality of life for an older individual ( Metz, 2000 ) . Adequate nutrition and wellbeing are of import facets of remaining healthy, yet can go progressively hard with old age ; by researching the barriers forestalling good wellness and nutrition in old age, such as mobility, societal workers and research workers will break measure the demands of the aged population and how to supply good services. Socioeconomic factors may besides foretell hungriness and subsequent ailment wellness ( Biros, Hoffman, A ; Resch, 2008 ) . Surveies have shown and estimated household income to be a factor forestalling persons from accessing equal nutrition ( Olson, 1999 ) . It is to no surprise that those with a lower income experience hungriness at a higher degree ; this is due to the fact they can non afford proper nutritionary nutrient and settle for fast nutrient eating houses or frozen processed nutrient. The aged population is no different. As stated above, this has an highly negative consequence on their wellness, every bit good as their emotional and mental wellbeing. The emphasis that can ensue due to the concerns and concerns an person of hapless socioeconomic position faces are a hapless influence on their mental, emotional, and physical wellbeing ( Biros, Hoffman, A ; Resch, 2008 ) . A combination of these factors, every bit good as the deficiency of equal nutrition, can hold a long p ermanent negative impact on the wellness of an aged individual. Although money is a major cause of nutrient insecurity, seniors sometimes â€Å" have adequate money for nutrient but are non able to entree nutrient because of transit or functional restrictions, or are non able to decently utilize nutrient because of functional damages and wellness jobs † ( Wolfe, Frongillo A ; Valois, 2010 ) . You read "Obstacles Older Adults Nutritional Food Health And Social Care Essay" in category "Essay examples" Although frequently hungriness in the U.S. is linked to poverty as a status reflecting unequal resources, it can besides be linked to miss of cognition about said resources. In a survey by Carlson, Andrews, and Bickel ( 1999 ) , an estimated 11.9 % of U.S. families ( 35 million people ) were nutrient insecure. Among these, 4.1 % of families ( with 6.9 million grownups ) â€Å" showed a repeating form of hungriness due to unequal resources for one or more of their grownup aˆÂ ¦ sometime during the period † ( Carlson, Andrews, A ; Bickel, 1999 ) . Many older grownups remain uninformed about the utile beginnings that can assist them discontinue their hungriness, and are hence uneducated about ways to achieve equal alimentary nutrient. Other effects of hapless nutritionary position include wellness, â€Å" in the broadest sense of [ the word ] including societal and mental wellbeing every bit good as physical wellness and overall quality of life † ( Olson, 1999, p. 521 ) . Hunger is associated with chronic hapless wellness and may coerce the aged to do picks that acutely impact their physical wellness and wellbeing ( Biros, Hoffman, A ; Resch, 2008 ) . It is of import in societal work research to acknowledge how nutrient insecurity can impact wellness and overall quality of life either straight or indirectly through nutritionary position particularly in old age. The wellness effects of nutrient insecurity among the aged population comprise a potentially rich country for future, socially relevant research in the Fieldss of nutritionary scientific disciplines and geriatrics. The scaring hazard of hungriness can be associated with â€Å" compromised psychosocial operation † and other refering emotional provinces ( Olson, 1999 ) ; these are factors of immense concern for persons stand foring at least 12 per centum of our state ‘s population. This survey will find the prevalence of hungriness, the barriers forestalling this sensed hungriness, and its sensed wellness effects among the aged. As concluded by a reappraisal of the literature, and antecedently stated, the relationship between hungriness and older grownups is comparatively understudied. However, as illustrated, hunger is an issue impacting the older grownup population. Similarly, the aforesaid factors are issues blighting the lives of older grownups that can do it even more hard to stay healthy and eat alimentary nutrients. It is necessary to look into more on this subject by planing a survey to farther heighten the current research in this country in order to assist the older, hungry population. The intent of this survey is to place what obstructions, if any, are forestalling older Afro-american grownups in the Chester, PA country from accomplishing equal nutritionary nutrient. This peculiar survey will concentrate on deficiency of mobility, socioeconomic position, and the absence of cognition on nutritionary beginnings of nutrient. The research inquiries will be: Are there barriers forestalling older Africa n American grownups from accessing equal nutrition? Make these barriers include small to no mobility, finance problems, and deficiency of cognition? What can we as research workers to make arrest and prevent this job for the hereafter? With the informations collected from the study, plans will be implemented to ease the distribution of nutritionary nutrient within the country in an attempt to discontinue the bing job of hungriness in the older grownup population. In a similar attempt, participants will have a press release on where to travel to acquire nutrient, consciousness on proper nutrition, and how to manage their fundss in order to properly supply for their households appetites. The Demographics Although much of the research and information stated therefore far reflects the older population at a wide degree, the African American older grownups populating in Chester, Pennsylvania are no different, and may in fact experience all of these negative factors at a much higher degree. People 65 and older represent 11.8 per centum of the population in Chester, PA and 15.6 per centum of the Pennsylvania population at big harmonizing to the 2008 US Census ( US Census ) . Furthermore, the lives of these older grownups are made more hard as Chester, Pennsylvania is a instead developing and unfortunate, neglected community. The average family income in this country is $ 33,365, which is significantly less than the mean Pennsylvania household income of $ 50,713 ( City-Data, 2008 ) . Residents with income below the poorness degree in 2008 was at an dismaying 27.2 per centum while the remainder of the province is at a much more stable per centum of 11 per centum ( City-Data, 2008 ) . The pop ulation in Chester, PA has 16.7 per centum of persons unemployed, a per centum much above province norm ( City-Data, 2008 ) . Similarly, the African American population per centum is significantly higher than province norm at 74.6 per centum ( City-Data, 2008 ) . In footings of nutrient environment statistics, the metropolis does non hold a food market shop within its metropolis bounds coercing occupants to go forth Chester to make their nutrient shopping. Furthermore, Chester is # 84 on the list of â€Å" Top 100 least-safe metropoliss in the U.S. † ( City-Data, 2008 ) . The combination of these unwanted statistics paints a graphic image of the neglected community that is Chester, PA. As if older grownups do non hold adequate jobs impacting their entree to adequate nutrition, it is clear to see that the African American older grownup population in Chester, PA has significantly more factors blighting their wellness and nutrition. In a survey by Wolfe, Frongillo, and Valois ( 2010 ) , Afro-american seniors are one population in peculiar that suffers from nutrient insecurity. Many urban elder African Americans rely on borrowing money from friends, â€Å" purchasing nutrient on recognition from local grocers, trusting on aid from close friends or household who were non ever able to supply the aid needed or making without. † With the bulk of the Chester, PA population in this class, an outstanding 74.6 per centum ( City-Data, 2008 ) , the senior Afro-american grownups who suffer from hungriness in this country demand help achieving satiating, alimentary nutrient. It is clip to acknowledge that adult females and kids are non the lone persons enduring from hungriness and malnutrition ; seniors are besides a group of greatest concern ( Wellman, Weddle, Kranz, A ; Brain, 1997 ) . The high degree of malnutrition among America ‘s older grownup is non merely unacceptable, but it is preventable ( Wellman et.al. , 1997 ) . It is necessary to increase public consciousness of the issue of hungriness and older grownups through this research survey in order to help older individuals in accessing equal nutrition. On a similar note, the fact that many of the surveies aforementioned in this literature reappraisal are dated by more than 5 old ages warrants a demand for this research survey. The intent of this survey is to look into the barriers to nutrient security among the aged life in this country and farther heighten the current research ; the focal point will be on deficiency of mobility, socioeconomic position, and deficiency of cognition on prop er nutrition and where to entree equal nutrient. RESEARCH QUESTION What are the possible obstructions forestalling older grownups in the Chester country from having equal nutrient and nutrition? MEDTHODOLOGY Sampling A ; Recruitment Procedures The population in this research survey includes Afro-american older grownups age 65 and older residing in Chester, PA, non in a nursing place or other healthcare installation. The names of the persons will be acquired from the Delaware County Office of Services for the Aging ( COSA ) . The sample will include both males and females in parts reflecting the current population ‘s per centums since the sample is critical to external cogency ; the findings can so be generalized to the larger mark population. The choice procedure will be done indiscriminately ; the topics in the survey will be chosen at random from the population. Every 3rd individual ‘s name on the list of older Afro-american grownups in Delaware County from COSA will be selected to finish the study. The participants will finish a consent missive that assures they understand their namelessness and confidentiality will be ensured. Study Design This is an exploratory survey which will specify the obstructions forestalling older grownups in the Chester country from having equal nutrient and nutrition. The information will be obtained from a assorted method cross-sectional attack. The participants will first finish a self-report study, followed by a more prodding interview in order to derive more cognition on this subject. The study is the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale ( HFIAS ) for Measurement of Food Access is obtained from the United States Agency for International Development ( USAID ) . Measurement/Instrumentation For the intent of this survey, hungriness will be defined as holding â€Å" limited or unsure handiness of nutritionally equal and safe nutrients or limited or unsure ability to get acceptable nutrients in socially acceptable ways † ( Anderson, 1990, p. 1598 ) . Lack of mobility will include troubles traveling because of hapless articulations, arthritis, and other age-related troubles, every bit good as deficiency of a auto, or any other agencies of transit to the food market shop. Low fiscal position will be defined as the inability to decently supply alimentary nutrient, along with other necessities, for oneself and others in the place. The nutrient security study, Household Food Insecurity Access Scale ( HFIAS ) for Measurement of Food Access, will inquire each participant to self-report about their experiences and behaviours that indicate nutrient insecurity, â€Å" such as being unable, at times, to afford balanced repasts, cutting the size of repasts because of excessively small money for nutrient, or being hungry because of excessively small money for nutrient † ( Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance Project, FANTA, 2008 ) . The HFIAS â€Å" is based on the 18-question U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module ( US HFSSM ) , which asks respondents to depict behaviours and attitudes that relate to the â€Å" spheres † , of the nutrient insecurity experience † ( FANTA, 2008 ) . These spheres include: â€Å" 1 ) anxiousness and uncertainness about the family nutrient supple, 2 ) insufficient quality ( includes assortment and penchants of the type of nutrient ) , and 3 ) insufficient nutri ent consumption and its physical effects † ( FANTA, 2008 ) . The inquiries are designed to be added to a standard baseline and concluding rating study. The consequences from old surveies empirical analyses showed the bulk of the graduated tables to hold good internal cogency for their informations sets. Similarly, the â€Å" external proof consequences were consistent with our analysis outlooks, but as a following measure we recommend that farther research be carried out to prove the external cogency of the index against extra indexs of nutrient insecurity and expected results of nutrient insecurity. The cogency was tested by proving the â€Å" internal, cross-cultural and external cogency of the HFIAS utilizing empirical informations collected by authoritiess, international and national bureaus in a assortment of states and operational contexts † ( FANTA, 2008 ) . Data Collection Procedures The study will be sent out, with anterior warning via a telephone call, to the person ‘s house and if non completed within 30 yearss, will be followed up with another telephone call. The nutrient security position of the person will be assigned based on the figure of food-insecure conditions reported in each of the spheres included. A high mark of nutrient insecurity on this trial will justify an aid plan from the province or local authorities. Other informations will be collected by detecting lodging conditions when with the participant for the in the flesh interview station study. Restriction There are a few possible failings and restrictions of this survey. First, the step of a self-report study is merely every bit accurate as the participant allows it to be ; self-report steps make it easy to be unfaithful when replying inquiries on one ‘s wonts and behaviours and this fact needs to be taken into consideration when analysing the consequences of this survey. In a similar manner, the aged is a population plagued with memory loss. The participants in this survey may non remember the information questioned precisely as it happened or describe the information right because of memory loss. The aged population besides experiences feelings of shame and embarrassment when describing they can non supply for themselves making the same consequence as the following two issues-inaccurate coverage. Significance OF THE STUDY As stated in the literature reappraisal, much of the bing research is really much so out-of-date. In an attempt to spread out upon the research and concentrate more on smaller populations whose hungriness is a concern, this survey will concentrate chiefly on the Afro-american older grownup population of Chester, PA. The survey is important because, as stated before, â€Å" authoritiess and international and national bureaus implementing nutrient and nutrition plans need information on the population ‘s nutrient insecurity to inform determination devising, proctor alteration and measure impact † ( FANTA, 2008 ) . The deductions of these findings will help the older African American grownups in this country in achieving equal nutrition which will increase their quality of life and healthy wellbeing. The consequences of these findings will better the wellbeing of the current societal work patterns in this country by get downing groups, a societal service plan and other sign ifiers of societal work in general. Mentions Biros, M. H. , Hoffman, P. L. , A ; Resch, K. ( 2008 ) . The Prevalence and Perceived Health Consequences of Hunger in Emergency Department Patient Populations. Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 12 ( 4 ) , 310-317. Carlson, S. J. , Andrews, M. S. , A ; Bickel, G. W. ( 1999 ) . Measuring Food Insecurity and Hunger in the United States: Development. The Journal of Nutrition, 99, 510-516. Chester, Pennsylvania ( PA 19013, 19016 ) profile: population, maps, existent estate, norms, places, statistics, resettlement, travel, occupations, infirmaries, schools, offense, traveling, houses, sex wrongdoers, intelligence, sex wrongdoers. ( n.d. ) . Stats about all US metropoliss – existent estate, resettlement info, house monetary values, place value calculator, recent gross revenues, cost of life, offense, race, income, exposure, instruction, maps, conditions, houses, schools, vicinities, and more. Retrieved December 15, 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.city-data.com/city/Chester-Pennsylvania.html Cohen, M. J. , A ; Reeves, D. ( 2005 ) . Causes of Hunger. International Food Policy Research Institute, 19, 1-5. FANTA Publications on New Approaches for Measuring Household Food Insecurity and Poverty: Adaptation of the US Household Food Security Scale to Developing Country Contexts 2004. ( n.d. ) . Welcome to FANTA-2 ( Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance II Project ) . Retrieved December 10, 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.fantaproject.org/publications/hfias.shtml Kendall, A. , Olson, C. , A ; Frongillo, E. ( 1996 ) . Relationship of Hunger and Food Insecurity to Food Availability and Consumption. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 96 ( 10 ) , 1019-1024. Metz, D. ( 2000 ) . Mobility of older people and their quality of life. Conveyance Policy, 7 ( 2 ) , 149-152. Olson, C. M. ( 1999 ) . Nutrition and Health Outcomes Associated with Food Insecurity. The Journal of Nutrition, 129 ( 2 ) , 521-524. Posner, B. M. ( 1979 ) . Nutrition and the aged. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books. Roe, D. A. , A ; Schlenker, E. ( 1984 ) . Food Choices of the Elderly. Drugs and nutrition in the geriatric patient ( pp. 27-46 ) . New York: Churchill Livingstone. Roe, D. A. ( 1990 ) . In-Home Nutritional Assessment of Inner-City Elderly1- . Journal of Nutrition, 90, 1538-1543. Wellman, N. S. , Weddle, D. O. , Kranz, S. , A ; Brain, C. T. ( 1997 ) . Elder insecurities: Poverty, hungriness, and malnutrition. American Dietetic Association. Journal of the American Dietetic Association ; , 97 ( 10 ) , 120-122. How to cite Obstacles Older Adults Nutritional Food Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Edgar Allan Poes Work Essay Example For Students

Edgar Allan Poes Work Essay Edgar Allan Poes work is known throughout the world. He was born in1809 in Boston. When Poe was still an infant his father left him and then hismother died. Poe was adopted by Jon Allan. Then Edgar Allan Poe wasEducated in Europe. Poe attendant college for while, but Jon Allan stoppedPaying for his college education because Poe had to many gambling depts. Then Poe joined to the army in 1827 he wasnt successful in the army though. Then Poe moved back to the United States and wrote stories in Baltimore. Poe was married to Virginia in 1836. Eleven years later Virginia dies of anIllness, Poe was very disturbed. In 1849 Poe died. Poe was known as theFather of Gothic Horror. Readers of Poes work especially the short stories will find among manySimilarities. When analyzing the short stories, readers will find theseSimilarities by considering the story elements: charters, setting, plot, mood,Subject of matter, and point of view. The characters in Poes stories share similarities. Often a character isDriven by their emotions. In the Tell Tale Heart the unidentified narratorBecomes so obsessed with his emotions regarding the old mans eye that heWas driven to murder. In the Cask of Amontillado Montessori is totallyControlled by his overpowering feeling that he and his family name had beenInsulted. In the Pit and the Pendulum the unknown narrator is being drivenBy his emotions to survive and to get out of the pit. It seems Poes charactersAre driven by their emotions. Another similarity a reader will notice is that usually male characters leftUnidentified for example in The Pit and the Pendulum the entire story isNarrated by a man who is certainly unnamed, but is also vague regarding hisPerson. In this story he is basically the only character. In The Fall of theHouse of Usher the narrator who is the central character among only twoOther characters remain nameless and vague as well. The characters in PoesStories are enigmatic, mysterious, and often unidentified. Poes settings share several similarities. Often a story will take place in aDark confined space. For example The Pit and the Pendulum is an areaWhere it is a small closed and unidentified. Also in The Cask ofAmontillado it is in the catacombs mostly nowhere else. Also the settings inPoes work are often vague, unknown, or far away. For example The Pit andThe Pendulum is very unclear it is set in what appears to be an undergroundPit during the time of the Spanish Inquisition, but it remain dark andMysterious. Also, the style itself is merky and difficult summing to reflectThat very darkness and unclearness of the setting. The selection revealed theAbove similarities of Poes settings. Poes technique for plot elements shows similarities. Madness, murder,Revenge, horror, and bizarre situations that seem to abruptly end our plotThemes that weave their way through many of Poes stories. For example inThe Cask of a Amontillado Montessori is seeking revenge to FortunateInsulting Montessori and his family. Also in The Tell Tale Heart the narratorKills an old man because of the appearance of the old mans eye which is aBizarre situation. Another example is The Pit and the Pendulum itContained horror and many bizarre situations. The mood in Poes stories is rather sinister. Poes work containsMelancholy, sinister objects, and dark and gloomy moods. For example ThePit and the Pendulum is dark and gloomy and has many sinister objects likeThe pit, the pendulum, and the hot walls coming together. The Tell TaleHeart is full of melancholy because a young man goes insane and commitsMurder because of the appearance of an old mans eye. Mostly all of PoesWork has a sinister mood in it. .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83 , .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83 .postImageUrl , .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83 , .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83:hover , .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83:visited , .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83:active { border:0!important; } .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83:active , .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83 .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udfc38e466c710e52d59b2c6f46059d83:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Eating Healthy EssayThe subject of matter often contains death, murder, and revenge. ForExample in The Cask of a Amontillado Montessori murders FortunateBecause he insulted Montessori. The point of view is usually always firstPerson and the narrator is the antagonist. For example is The Tell TaleHeart the narrator is in first person and is the antagonist because he murdersSomeone. In conclusion, Edgar A. Poe is a very interesting man who is knownThroughout the world for his work. Poes stories are good in variety, butMostly all of them are evil or have a sad or bizarre ending. Poes is known asThe father of gothic horror. Poe is a very talented writer who has

Living and Surviving a Comparison free essay sample

The Idealistic Dreams and Quixotic Wonders of Life Itself, and To Survive: The Conceptual Chasm of Yawning Hopelessness and Marvel That is Simple Existence: A Comparison Its a commonly heard phrase l want to live and not Just exist, but after years of the same trite, dull sentiment, it seems flimsy and false. But to think deeper its not nearly as fabricated as it seems. Living and surviving are two entirely separate actions, even though living does depend on existence. To explain the difference between living and existence, a definition is in order.Living, as defined by science, is the feat of not being dead, while existence is a blanket term that can be applied to everything in the universe. Thoughts and theories exist; same as rocks and soil. In that plane of thought, living and existence are separate, though slightly similar. To take it a step higher, and be human-centric, living would more likely be defined as having a soul, or at least, sentience. We will write a custom essay sample on Living and Surviving: a Comparison or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This would exclude, say, trees and bushes from the living category. Existence, then, might be elevated to having a beating heart and working lungs.Either way of viewing it, paving and being are two different actions. In this paper, the focus is on second set of definitions. Living and existence, though different, are not mutually exclusive. To live, one must exist its the only way. There must have a working body in order to have a thriving mind. But at the same time, It Is entirely possible to exist and not live. Its much like how a person Is an animal, yet not all animals are people. To look at lifes other definition, souls and spiritualism are added to the mix and how that relates to human existence.Everyone has a soul, It could be argued, but most take It rather than Just simple possession of such. What are you doing with your life? Its asked, taking living as something that can be measured. Someone who never deviates from routine, who has no hopes, could be considered lifeless by that perspective, while another who lives only to chase their dreams and enjoy their time on Earth, would be thriving. Here Is a plethora of quotes, sayings, and speeches. Like the band Switched sings, I want to thrive, not Just survive. Living and existing, such a broad subject.So many different ways to define and redefine, each coming to he same conclusion: The two are different, even despite the fact that life depends on survival. Life, In general, Is seen as a fully awakened consciousness; existence Is simply breathing, possessing a beating heart and a pulsing brain.. . But not a host of thoughts. But no matter how the terms are defined, theyre always different Ideas. Living and Surviving: a Comparison By Slovenliest have a thriving mind. But at the same time, it is entirely possible to exist and not live. Its much like how a person is an animal, yet not all animals are people. Latest to human existence. Everyone has a soul, it could be argued, but most take it further than Just simple possession of such. What are you doing with your life? its on Earth, would be thriving. Here is a plethora of quotes, sayings, and speeches. Like the band Switched sings, l want to thrive, not Just survive. Survival. Life, in general, is seen as a fully awakened consciousness; existence is simply breathing, possessing a beating heart and a pulsing brain.. . But not a host of thoughts. But no matter how the terms are defined, theyre always different ideas.

Prejudice in To Kill A Mockingbird essays

Prejudice in To Kill A Mockingbird essays The book "To Kill a Mockingbird" tells of many good examples of prejudice toward African-Americans and people they're associated with. During the trial, the town people, family members, and friends show prejudice toward Atticus for defending Tom, and toward Tom for just being an African-American. The people of Maycomb frowned upon Mr. Dolphus Raymond because of the way he chose to live his life. During the trial, the African-Americans were required to sit in the balcony of the courtroom, completely separated from the Caucasians. Prejudice was not only shown toward the African-Americans, it was also shown toward Atticus. Atticus, a lawyer in Maycomb was respected by almost the whole town. Unable to follow the town's racial prejudice, Atticus agreed to defend Tom Robinson, an African-American accused of rape. This is the point at which he loses his respect from his town people, friends, and even family members. Atticus tried to do his job well, knowing that he would probably lose the case, just because of Tom's race. Atticus encouraged Tom not to give up his hopes. He was committed to his job, despite other's thoughts and opinions. Miss Stephanie Crawford, otherwise thought of as the rumor mill, passed cheap remarks concerning Atticus. Even Walter Cunningham, considered a friend by Scout, tries to harm Atticus. Not only were African-American's called "nigger's", but anyone associated with them were called "nigger lovers" Scout's cousin, Francis ran around yelling, "He's nothin' but a nigger lover!" ("To Kill a Mockingbird", Lee, 83) Aunt Alexandra felt Atticus was becoming a disgrace to their family for defending Tom. Atticus, still being the respectable parent that he was, urged his children to "climb into his skin and walk around in it" before they judge or criticize others. ("To Kill a Mockingbird", Lee, 30) Mrs. Dubose told the children Your fathers no better than the niggers and trash he works for&...

Galapagos islands Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Galapagos islands - Research Paper Example In addition, sailors have used the islands as a food source and rest stop for hundreds of years. The combination has been an environmental disaster. Efforts have been made through the years to curb the loss of native animal populations due to man’s carelessness but some have become extinct anyway, a shame anywhere that might occur but especially so for these particular islands. The idea of evolution was formed before Darwin’s birth but it was his book On Origin of the Species that popularized the concept. This book is the source of most all educated people’s knowledge of the science to this day. Of course since it’s writing scientists have expanded the field of knowledge regarding the evolutionary process. Though Darwin had studied the evolution, his writings suggest that he still believed in the biblical account of creation before boarding the H.M.S. Beagle on its voyage to the Pacific Ocean, that it was compatible with biological evolution theory. Once h e returned from the islands and thoroughly studied the evidence he had brought back, his concept of the creation of man had evolved to purely a scientific explanation. The species of animals found on the Galapagos are unlike any other, anywhere in the world. Darwin observed a bird, a type of Finch, was very similar but had slightly different characteristics depending on the particular island they inhabited. Interestingly, each island is vastly different. One is like a desert, a second like a lowland forest, a third has a dense forest, a fourth subtropical forests usually found only in higher elevations, a fifth grassy plain-like conditions and so on. He recognized that the Finch’s were different because they had developed specialized physical features designed to adapt to the differing environments. Darwin theorized that a single type of Finch flew to the islands originally then, through biological evolutionary process, developed into several different species over millions o f years. The Galapagos Island chain is fairly new, geologically speaking. It was formed by a series of volcanic eruptions occurring between three and five million years ago. Darwin understood that the island’s isolated location must have offered life the opportunity for a new beginning. â€Å"Seeing every height crowned with its crater, and the boundaries of most of the lava-streams still distinct, we are led to believe that within a period, geologically recent, the unbroken ocean was here spread out,† he documented in his Journal of Researches. â€Å"Hence, both in space and time, we seem to be brought somewhat near to that great fact, that mystery of mysteries, the first appearance of new beings on this earth.† (Sulloway, 2005). In other words, the circumstances inherent in the islands was a unique opportunity to view how evolution occurs over a relatively rapid period of time over a very short distance, the perfect laboratory to confirm observations and theor ies. When he returned to his home in England, Darwin, along with a respected ornithologist (bird expert) identified 13 different finch species he had brought back from the Galapagos.  The ornithologist was baffled because he knew that only one species of finch lived on the entire South American Continent which was the only feasible location from which a bird that size could reach the Galapagos without have to land. He also noticed that the beaks

Field trip Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Field trip - Essay Example In accordance with Jewish tradition, prayers should always occur in the entire community. Amidah, which is the third section of Shabbat service, forms the central point of Worship among Jews. During this section, the congregation normally engages in prayers and meditations. The word Amidah gives a description of prayers and the manner in which the Jews worship. Amidah has a small session for private prayers among its worshippers. Similar to any church service, the Shabbat also acknowledges rituals and their significance in worship. Consequently, Torah service forms the next section of Shabbat service. Torah service provides teachings on peace, justice, and truth in the society. In general, this section follows teachings of Moses as written in his five books. The last session of the Shabbat Service is concluding prayers where the whole congregation participates in recitation of Aleinu or Adoration (Abrams & Katherine 18). We chose Shabbat service as our field trip experience because of the perception that Jewish religion has unique philosophies and worship procedures. Majority of people in the society believe that Shabbat is different from other church services because of its restrictions and related philosophies. Consequently, attending the service would enable us to obtain philosophies and facts about the Shabbat Service. After attending the Shabbat Service, we were able to determine how philosophy influences the religion. According to the Jews, Shabbat Service must have five prayer sessions. All these sessions have different significance to the worshippers. For instance, Torah service teaches peace and justice in the community. In addition, the religion has a philosophy, which advocates for all members of the congregation to use the five holy books recommended by Moses to govern all rituals. Just like Christian services, the Shabbat service considers prayers as precious gifts from heaven. As a result, the Jewish considers Amidah as a special session of

History and Applications of Matrices

History and Applications of Matrices Matrices find many applications at current time and very useful to us. Physics makes use of matrices in various domains, for example in geometrical optics and matrix mechanics; the latter led to studying in more detail matrices with an infinite number of rows and columns. Graph theory uses matrices to keep track of distances between pairs of vertices in a graph. Computer graphics uses matrices to project 3-dimensional space onto a 2-dimensional screen. Example of application A message is converted into numeric form according to some scheme. The easiest scheme is to let space=0, A=1, B=2, , Y=25, and Z=26. For example, the message Red Rum would become 18, 5, 4, 0, 18, 21, 13. This data was placed into matrix form. The size of the matrix depends on the size of the encryption key. Lets say that our encryption matrix (encoding matrix) is a 22 matrix. Since I have seven pieces of data, I would place that into a 42 matrix and fill the last spot with a space to make the matrix complete. Lets call the original, unencrypted data matrix A. There is an invertible matrix which is called the encryption matrix or the encoding matrix. Well call it matrix B. Since this matrix needs to be invertible, it must be square. This could really be anything, its up to the person encrypting the matrix. Ill use this matrix. The unencrypted data is then multiplied by our encoding matrix. The result of this multiplication is the matrix containing the encrypted data. Well call it matrix X. The message that you would pass on to the other person is the the stream of numbers 67, -21, 16, -8, 51, 27, 52, -26. Decryption Process Place the encrypted stream of numbers that represents an encrypted message into a matrix. Multiply by the decoding matrix. The decoding matrix is the inverse of the encoding matrix. Convert the matrix into a stream of numbers. Conver the numbers into the text of the original message. DETERMINANTS The determinant of a matrix A is denoted det(A), or without parentheses: det A. An alternative notation, used for compactness, especially in the case where the matrix entries are written out in full, is to denote the determinant of a matrix by surrounding the matrix entries by vertical bars instead of the usual brackets or parentheses. For a fixed nonnegative integer n, there is a unique determinant function for the nÃÆ'-n matrices over any commutative ring R. In particular, this unique function exists when R is the field of real or complex numbers. For any square matrix of order 2, we have found a necessary and sufficient condition for invertibility. Indeed, consider the matrix Example. Evaluate Let us transform this matrix into a triangular one through elementary operations. We will keep the first row and add to the second one the first multiplied by . We get Using the Property 2, we get Therefore, we have which one may check easily. EIGEN VALUES AND EIGEN VECTORS In mathematics, eigenvalue, eigenvector, and eigenspace are related concepts in the field of linear algebra. The prefix eigen- is adopted from the German word eigen for innate, idiosyncratic, own. Linear algebra studies linear transformations, which are represented by matrices acting on vectors. Eigenvalues, eigenvectors and eigenspaces are properties of a matrix. They are computed by a method described below, give important information about the matrix, and can be used in matrix factorization. They have applications in areas of applied mathematics as diverse as economics and quantum mechanics. In general, a matrix acts on a vector by changing both its magnitude and its direction. However, a matrix may act on certain vectors by changing only their magnitude, and leaving their direction unchanged (or possibly reversing it). These vectors are the eigenvectors of the matrix. A matrix acts on an eigenvector by multiplying its magnitude by a factor, which is positive if its direction is unchanged and negative if its direction is reversed. This factor is the eigenvalue associated with that eigenvector. An eigenspace is the set of all eigenvectors that have the same eigenvalue, together with the zero vector. These concepts are formally defined in the language of matrices and linear transformations. Formally, if A is a linear transformation, a non-null vector x is an eigenvector of A if there is a scalar ÃŽÂ » such that The scalar ÃŽÂ » is said to be an eigenvalue of A corresponding to the eigenvector x. Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors: An Introduction The eigenvalue problem is a problem of considerable theoretical interest and wide-ranging application. For example, this problem is crucial in solving systems of differential equations, analyzing population growth models, and calculating powers of matrices (in order to define the exponential matrix). Other areas such as physics, sociology, biology, economics and statistics have focused considerable attention on eigenvalues and eigenvectors-their applications and their computations. Before we give the formal definition, let us introduce these concepts on an example. Example. Consider the matrix Consider the three column matrices We have In other words, we have Next consider the matrix P for which the columns are C1, C2, and C3, i.e., We have det(P) = 84. So this matrix is invertible. Easy calculations give Next we evaluate the matrix P-1AP. We leave the details to the reader to check that we have In other words, we have Using the matrix multiplication, we obtain which implies that A is similar to a diagonal matrix. In particular, we have for . Note that it is almost impossible to find A75 directly from the original form of A. This example is so rich of conclusions that many questions impose themselves in a natural way. For example, given a square matrix A, how do we find column matrices which have similar behaviors as the above ones? In other words, how do we find these column matrices which will help find the invertible matrix P such that P-1AP is a diagonal matrix? From now on, we will call column matrices vectors. So the above column matrices C1, C2, and C3 are now vectors. We have the following definition. Definition. Let A be a square matrix. A non-zero vector C is called an eigenvector of A if and only if there exists a number (real or complex) such that If such a number exists, it is called an eigenvalue of A. The vector C is called eigenvector associated to the eigenvalue . Remark. The eigenvector C must be non-zero since we have for any number . Example. Consider the matrix We have seen that where So C1 is an eigenvector of A associated to the eigenvalue 0. C2 is an eigenvector of A associated to the eigenvalue -4 while C3 is an eigenvector of A associated to the eigenvalue 3. It may be interesting to know whether we found all the eigenvalues of A in the above example. In the next page, we will discuss this question as well as how to find the eigenvalues of a square matrix. PROOFS OF PROPERTIES OF EIGEN VALUES::: PROPERTY 1 {Inverse of a matrix A exists if and only if zero is not an eigenvalue of A} Suppose A is a square matrix. Then A is singular if and only if ÃŽÂ »=0 is an eigenvalue of A. Proof We have the following equivalences: A is singular à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ã¢â‚¬ there exists xà ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚  0, Ax=0 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ã¢â‚¬ there exists xà ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚  0, Ax=0x à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ã¢â‚¬ ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ »=0 is an eigenvalue of A Since SINGULAR matrix A has eigenvalue and the inverse of a singular matrix does not exist this implies that for a matrix to be invertible its eigenvalues must be non-zero. PROPERTY-2 Eigenvalues of a matrix are real or complex conjugates in pairs Suppose A is a square matrix with real entries and x is an eigenvector of A for the eigenvalue ÃŽÂ ». Then x is an eigenvector of A for the eigenvalue ÃŽÂ ». à ¢- ¡ Proof Ax =Ax =Ax =ÃŽÂ »x =ÃŽÂ »x A has real entries x eigenvector of A Suppose A is an mÃÆ'-n matrix and B is an nÃÆ'-p matrix. Then AB=AB. à ¢- ¡ Proof To obtain this matrix equality, we will work entry-by-entry. For 1à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ià ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤m, 1à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤jà ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤p, ABij =ABij =à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœnk=1AikBkj =à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœnk=1AikBkj =à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœnk=1AikBkj =à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœnk=1AikBkj =ABij APPLICATION OF EIGEN VALUES IN FACIAL RECOGNITION How does it work? The task of facial recogniton is discriminating input signals (image data) into several classes (persons). The input signals are highly noisy (e.g. the noise is caused by differing lighting conditions, pose etc.), yet the input images are not completely random and in spite of their differences there are patterns which occur in any input signal. Such patterns, which can be observed in all signals could be in the domain of facial recognition the presence of some objects (eyes, nose, mouth) in any face as well as relative distances between these objects. These characteristic features are called eigenfaces in the facial recognition domain (or principal components generally). They can be extracted out of original image data by means of a mathematical tool called Principal Component Analysis (PCA). By means of PCA one can transform each original image of the training set into a corresponding eigenface. An important feature of PCA is that one can reconstruct reconstruct any original image from the training set by combining the eigenfaces. Remember that eigenfaces are nothing less than characteristic features of the faces. Therefore one could say that the original face image can be reconstructed from eigenfaces if one adds up all the eigenfaces (features) in the right proportion. Each eigenface represents only certain features of the face, which may or may not be present in the original image. If the feature is present in the original image to a higher degree, the share of the corresponding eigenface in the sum of the eigenfaces should be greater. If, contrary, the particular feature is not (or almost not) present in the original image, then the corresponding eigenface should contribute a smaller (or not at all) part to the sum of eigenfaces. So, in order to reconstruct the origi nal image from the eigenfaces, one has to build a kind of weighted sum of all eigenfaces. That is, the reconstructed original image is equal to a sum of all eigenfaces, with each eigenface having a certain weight. This weight specifies, to what degree the specific feature (eigenface) is present in the original image. If one uses all the eigenfaces extracted from original images, one can reconstruct the original images from the eigenfaces exactly. But one can also use only a part of the eigenfaces. Then the reconstructed image is an approximation of the original image. However, one can ensure that losses due to omitting some of the eigenfaces can be minimized. This happens by choosing only the most important features (eigenfaces). Omission of eigenfaces is necessary due to scarcity of computational resources. How does this relate to facial recognition? The clue is that it is possible not only to extract the face from eigenfaces given a set of weights, but also to go the opposite way. This opposite way would be to extract the weights from eigenfaces and the face to be recognized. These weights tell nothing less, as the amount by which the face in question differs from typical faces represented by the eigenfaces. Therefore, using this weights one can determine two important things: Determine, if the image in question is a face at all. In the case the weights of the image differ too much from the weights of face images (i.e. images, from which we know for sure that they are faces), the image probably is not a face. Similar faces (images) possess similar features (eigenfaces) to similar degrees (weights). If one extracts weights from all the images available, the images could be grouped to clusters. That is, all images having similar weights are likely to be similar faces.

Cisco Systems: New Millenium †New acquisition strategy Essay

The case deals with the acquisition policy implemented by Cisco, by giving some real samples. The most interesting point concerns the way Cisco acquired companies during 90s with 4 main goals: a shared vision, shareholders’ satisfaction, motivating value added for employees, shareholders, customers and partners and a perfect â€Å"chemistry† (P.9). Contrary to the global trend of big companies’ acquisition, Cisco was involved in smaller companies, based on selection criteria (presented below) which fit the company’s needs and strategy: * Small companies: the advantage is that those companies are start-ups coming with new disruptive Ideas highly complementary with Cisco’s businesses. * Limited number of employees (but engineers as the large part of them): Cisco gives a huge importance to skilled people, because as they say, those people are the real asset which permits to increase future market shares, So people retention becomes one of acquisitions’ main goals (success driven by a very low turnover compared with the industry). * Very entrepreneurial systems focused on fast growing: the need to grow by forming part of Cisco is one of the motivating arguments to have win-win negotiations. On the other hand, this kind of companies is not risk adverse and promises future benefits to their owners. * Geographical proximity: for large acquisitions, it permits to shorten lost time and get directly to the real acquisition’s implementation in order to share the distribution channels (cost reduction) and obtain the new product earlier. * Comparable cultures and visions: since acquisition leads to the integration of the acquired company to the group, it is necessary to have the same vision of the future strategy and cultures which can be merged to obtain a coherent unit. Last, the company’s strength resides in its ability to decentralize decision making by creating a new business unit at each acquisition, because the acquired company is considered as a master in its domain. This system permits to make acquired company feel independent in the way it is managed (less change management to be processed). Cisco represents a benchmark as acquirer for the entrepreneurial firms which aim to be acquired because it proposes several advantages in terms of independency, people treatment, product valorization and so on, which form part of the most important criteria for acquisition. Moreover, in the last decade, it increased its attractiveness based on the personalized treatment provided to the new joiners and the restructuration by type of technology which makes economies of scale and allows people to share their knowledge with their previous â€Å"internal competitors† and increase their skills. So, in terms of win-win relationship, Cisco acquisition model can be a basis of comparison for any potential acquired company.

The Twilight Saga 2: New Moon Chapter 17 VISITOR

UNNATURALLY STILL AND WHITE, WITH LARGE BLACK EYES intent on my face, my visitor waited perfectly motionless in the center of the halt, beautiful beyond imagining. My knees trembled for a second, and I nearly fell. Then I hurled myself at her. â€Å"Alice, oh, Alice!† I cried, as I slammed into her. I'd forgotten how hard she was; it was like running headlong into a wall of cement. â€Å"Bella?† There was a strange mingling of relief and confusion in her voice. I locked my arms around her, gasping to inhale as much of the scent of her skin as possible. It wasn't like anything elsenot floral or spice, citrus or musk. No perfume in the world could compare. My memory hadn't done it justice. I didn't notice when the gasping turned into something elseI only realized I was sobbing when Alice dragged me to the living room couch and pulled me into her lap. It was like curling up into a cool stone, but a stone that was contoured comfortingly to the shape of my body. She rubbed my back in a gentle rhythm, waiting for me to get control of myself. â€Å"I'm sorry,† I blubbered. â€Å"I'm just so happy to see you!† â€Å"It's okay, Bella. Everything's okay.† â€Å"Yes,† I bawled. And, for once, it seemed that way. Alice sighed. â€Å"I'd forgotten how exuberant you are,† she said, and her tone was disapproving. I looked up at her through my streaming eyes. Alice's neck was tight, straining away from me, her lips pressed together firmly. Her eyes were black as pitch. â€Å"Oh,† I puffed, as I realized the problem. She was thirsty. And I smelled appetizing. It had been a while since I'd had to think about that kind of thing. â€Å"Sorry.† â€Å"It's my own fault. It's been too long since I hunted. I shouldn't let myself get so thirsty. But I was in a hurry today.† The look she directed at me then was a glare. â€Å"Speaking of which, would you like to explain to me how you're alive?† That brought me up short and stopped the sobs. I realized what must have happened immediately, and why Alice was here. I swallowed loudly. â€Å"You saw me fall.† â€Å"No,† she disagreed, her eyes narrowing. â€Å"I saw you jump.† I pursed my lips as I tried to think of an explanation that wouldn't sound nuts. Alice shook her head. â€Å"I told him this would happen, but he didn't believe me. ‘Bella promised,'† her voice imitated his so perfectly that I iroze in shock while the pain ripped through my torso. â€Å"‘Don't be looking for her future, either,'† she continued to quote him. ‘†We've done enough damage.† â€Å"But just because I'm not looking, doesn't mean I don't see† she went on. â€Å"I wasn't keeping tabs on you, I swear, Bella. It's just that I'm alreacy attuned to you when I saw you jumping, I didn't think, I just got on a plane. I knew I would be too late, but I couldn't do nothing. And then I get here, thinking maybe I could help Charlie somehow, and you drive up.† She shook her head, this time in confusion. Her voice was strained. â€Å"I saw you go into the water and I waited and waited for you to come up, but you didn't. What happened? And how could you do that to Charlie? Did you stop to think what this would do to him? And my brother? Do you have any idea what Edward† I cut her off then, as soon as she said his name. I'd let her go on, even after I realized the misunderstanding she was under, just to hear the perfect bell tone of her voice. But it was time to interrupt. â€Å"Alice, I wasn't committing suicide.† She eyed me dubiously. â€Å"Are you saying you didn't jump off a cliff?† â€Å"No, but† I grimaced. â€Å"It was for recreational purposes only.† Her expression hardened. â€Å"I'd seen some of Jacob's friends cliff diving,† I insisted. â€Å"It looked like fun, and I was bored† She waited. â€Å"I didn't think about how the storm would affect the currents. Actually, I didn't think about the water much at all.† Alice didn't buy it. I could see that she still thought I had been trying to kill myself. I decided to redirect. â€Å"So if you saw me go in, why didn't you see Jacob?† She cocked her head to the side, distracted. I continued. â€Å"It's true that I probably would have drowned if Jacob hadn't jumped in after me. Well, okay, there's no probably about it. But he did, and he pulled me out, and I guess he towed me back to shore, though I was kind of out for that part. It couldn't have been more than a minute that I was under before he grabbed me. How come you didn't see that?† She frowned in perplexity. â€Å"Someone pulled you out?† â€Å"Yes. Jacob saved me.† I watched curiously as an enigmatic range of emotions flitted across her face. Something was bothering herher imperfect vision? But I wasn't sure. Then she deliberately leaned in and sniffed my shoulder. I froze. â€Å"Don't be ridiculous,† she muttered, sniffing at me some more. â€Å"What are you doing?† She ignored my question. â€Å"Who was with you out there just now? It sounded like you were arguing.† â€Å"Jacob Black. He's sort of my best friend, I guess. At least, he was† I thought of Jacob's angry, betrayed face, and wondered what he was to me now. Alice nodded, seeming preoccupied. â€Å"What?† â€Å"I don't know,† she said. â€Å"I'm not sure what it means.† â€Å"Well, I'm not dead, at least.† She rolled her eyes. â€Å"He was a fool to think you could survive alone. I've never seen anyone so prone to life-threatening idiocy.† â€Å"I survived,† I pointed out. She was thinking of something else. â€Å"So, if the currents were too much for you, how did this Jacob manage?† â€Å"Jacob is strong.† She heard the reluctance in my voice, and her eyebrows rose. I gnawed on my lip for a second. Was this a secret, or not? And if it was, then who was my greatest allegiance to? Jacob, or Alice? It was too hard to keep secrets, I decided. Jacob knew everything, why not Alice, too? â€Å"See, well, he's sort of a werewolf,† I admitted in a rush. â€Å"The Quileutes turn into wolves when there are vampires around. They know Carlisle from a long time ago. Were you with Carlisle back then?† Alice gawked at me for a moment, and then recovered herself, blinking rapidly. â€Å"Well, I guess that explains the smell,† she muttered. â€Å"But does it explain what I didn't see?† She frowned, her porcelain forehead creasing. â€Å"The smell?† I repeated. â€Å"You smell awful,† she said absently, still frowning. â€Å"A werewolf? Are you sure about that?† â€Å"Very sure,† I promised, wincing as I remembered Paul and Jacob fighting in the road. â€Å"I guess you weren't with Carlisle the last time there were werewolves here in Forks?† â€Å"No. I hadn't found him yet.† Alice was still lost in thought. Suddenly, her eyes widened, and she turned to stare at me with a shocked expression. â€Å"Your best friend is a werewolf?† I nodded sheepishly. â€Å"How long has this been going on?† â€Å"Not long,† I said, my voice sounding defensive. â€Å"He's only been a werewolf for just a few weeks.† She glowered at me. â€Å"A young werewolf? Even worse! Edward was rightyou're a magnet for danger. Weren't you supposed to be staying out of trouble?† â€Å"There's nothing wrong with werewolves,† I grumbled, stung by her critical tone. â€Å"Until they lose their tempers.† She shook her head sharply from side to side. â€Å"Leave it to you, Bella. Anyone else would be better off when the vampires left town. But you have to start hanging out with the first monsters you can find.† I didn't want to argue with AliceI was still trembling with joy that she was really, truly here, that I could touch her marble skin and hear her wind-chime voicebut she had it all wrong. â€Å"No, Alice, the vampires didn't really leavenot all of them, anyway. That's the whole trouble. If it weren't for the werewolves, Victoria would have gotten me by now. Well, if it weren't for Jake and his friends, Laurent would have gotten me before she could, I guess, so† â€Å"Victoria?† she hissed. â€Å"Laurent?† I nodded, a teensy bit alarmed by the expression in her black eyes. I pointed at my chest. â€Å"Danger magnet, remember?† She shook her head again. â€Å"Tell me everythingstart at the beginning.† I glossed over the beginning, skipping the motorcycles and the voices, but telling her everything else right up to today's misadventure. Alice didn't like my thin explanation about boredom and the cliffs, so I hurried on to the strange flame I'd seen on the water and what I thought it meant. Her eyes narrowed almost to slits at that part. It was strange to see her look so so dangerouslike a vampire. I swallowed hard and went on with the rest about Harry. She listened to my story without interrupting. Occasionally, she would shake her head, and the crease in her forehead deepened until it looked like it was carved permanently into the marble of her skin. She didn't speak and, finally, I fell quiet, struck again by the borrowed grief at Harry's passing. I thought of Charlie; he would be home soon. What condition would he be in? â€Å"Our leaving didn't do you any good at all, did it?† Alice murmured. I laughed onceit was a slightly hysterical sound. â€Å"That was never the point, though, was it? It's not like you left for my benefit.† Alice scowled at the floor for a moment. â€Å"Well I guess I acted impulsively today. I probably shouldn't have intruded.† I could feel the blood draining from my face. My stomach dropped. â€Å"Don't go, Alice,† I whispered. My fingers locked around the collar of her white shirt and I began to hyperventilate. â€Å"Please don't leave me.† Her eyes opened wider. â€Å"All right,† she said, enunciating each word with slow precision. â€Å"I'm not going anywhere tonight. Take a deep breath.† I tried to obey, though I couldn't quite locate my lungs. She watched my face while I concentrated on my breathing. She waited till I was calmer to comment. â€Å"You look like hell, Bella.† â€Å"I drowned today,† I reminded her. â€Å"It goes deeper than that. You're a mess.† I flinched. â€Å"Look, I'm doing my best.† â€Å"What do you mean?† â€Å"It hasn't been easy. I'm working on it.† She frowned. â€Å"I told him,† she said to herself. â€Å"Alice,† I sighed. â€Å"What did you think you were going to find? I mean, besides me dead? Did you expect to find me skipping around and whistling show tunes? You know me better than that.† â€Å"I do. But I hoped.† â€Å"Then I guess I don't have the corner on the idiocy market.† The phone rang. â€Å"That has to be Charlie,† I said, staggering to my feet. I grabbed Alice's stone hand and dragged her with me to the kitchen. I wasn't about to let her out of my sight. â€Å"Charlie?† I answered the phone. â€Å"No, it's me,† Jacob said. â€Å"Jake!† Alice scrutinized my expression. â€Å"Just making sure you were still alive,† Jacob said sourly. â€Å"I'm fine. I told you that it wasn't† â€Å"Yeah. I got it. ‘Bye.† Jacob hung up on me. I sighed and let my head hang back, staring at the ceiling. â€Å"That's going to be a problem.† Alice squeezed my hand. â€Å"They aren't excited I'm here.† â€Å"Not especially. But it's none of their business anyway.† Alice put her arm around me. â€Å"So what do we do now?† she mused. She seemed to talk to herself for a moment. â€Å"Things to do. Loose ends to tie.† â€Å"What things to do?† Her face was suddenly careful. â€Å"I don't know for sure I need to see Carlisle.† Would she leave so soon? My stomach dropped. â€Å"Could you stay?† I begged. â€Å"Please? For just a little while. I've missed you so much.† My voice broke. â€Å"If you think that's a good idea.† Her eyes were unhappy. â€Å"I do. You can stay hereCharlie would love that.† â€Å"I have a house, Bella.† I nodded, disappointed but resigned. She hesitated, studying me. â€Å"Well, I need to go get a suitcase of clothes, at the very least.† I threw my arms around her. â€Å"Alice, you're the best!† â€Å"And I think I'll need to hunt. Immediately,† she added in a strained voice. â€Å"Oops.† I took a step back. â€Å"Can you stay out of trouble for one hour?† she asked skeptically. Then, before I could answer, she held up one finger and closed her eyes. Her face went smooth and blank for a few seconds. And then her eyes opened and she answered her own question. â€Å"Yes, you'll be fine. For tonight, anyway.† She grimaced. Even making faces, she looked like an angel. â€Å"You'll come back?† I asked in a small voice. â€Å"I promiseone hour.† I glanced at the clock over the kitchen table. She laughed and leaned in quickly to kiss me on the cheek. Then she was gone. I took a deep breath. Alice would be back. I suddenly felt so much better. I had plenty to do to keep myself busy while I waited. A shower was definitely first on the agenda. I sniffed my shoulders as I undressed, but I couldn't smell anything but the brine and seaweed scent of the ocean. I wondered what Alice had meant about me smelling bad. When I was cleaned up, I went back to the kitchen. I couldn't see any signs that Charlie ‘lad eaten recently, and he would probably be hungry when he got back. I hummed tunelessly to myself as I moved around the kitchen. While Thursday's casserole rotated in the microwave, I made up the couch with sheets and an old pillow. Alice wouldn't need it, but Charlie would need to see it. I was careful not to watch the clock. There was no reason to start myself panicking; Alice had promised. I hurried through my dinner, not tasting itjust feeling the ache as it slid down my raw throat. Mostly I was thirsty; I must have drunk a half gallon of water by the time I was finished. All the salt in my system had dehydrated me. I went to go try to watch TV while I waited. Alice was already there, sitting on her improvised bed. Her eyes were a liquid butterscotch. She smiled and patted the pillow. â€Å"Thanks.† â€Å"You're early,† I said, elated. I sat down next to her and leaned my head on her shoulder. She put her cold arms around me and sighed. â€Å"Bella. What are we going to do with you?† â€Å"I don't know,† I admitted. â€Å"I really have been trying my hardest.† â€Å"I believe you.† It was silent. â€Å"Doesdoes he† I took a deep breath. It was harder to say his name out loud, even though I was able to think it now. â€Å"Does Edward know you're here?† I couldn't help asking. It was my pain, after all. I'd deal with it when she was gone, I promised myself, and felt sick at the thought. â€Å"No.† There was only one way that could be true. â€Å"He's not with Carlisle and Esme?† â€Å"He checks in every few months.† â€Å"Oh.† He must still be out enjoying his distractions. I focused my curiosity on a safer topic. â€Å"You said you flew here Where did you come from?† â€Å"I was in Denali. Visiting Tanya's family.† â€Å"Is Jasper here? Did he come with your'† She shook her head. â€Å"He didn't approve of my interfering. We promised† she trailed off, and then her tone changed. â€Å"And you think Charlie won't mind my being here?† she asked, sounding worried. â€Å"Charlie thinks you're wonderful, Alice.† â€Å"Well, we're about to find out.† Sure enough, a few seconds later I heard the cruiser pull into the driveway. I jumped up and hurried to open the door. Charlie trudged slowly up the walk, his eyes on the ground and his shoulders slumped. I walked forward to meet him; he didn't even see me until I hugged him around the waist. He embraced me back fiercely. â€Å"I'm so sorry about Harry, Dad.† â€Å"I'm really going to miss him,† Charlie mumbled. â€Å"How's Sue doing?† â€Å"She seems dazed, like she hasn't grasped it yet. Sam's staying with her† The volume of his voice faded in and out. â€Å"Those poor kids. Leah's just a year older than you, and Seth is only fourteen† He shook his head. He kept his arms tight around me as he started toward the door again. â€Å"Um, Dad?† I figured I'd better warn him. â€Å"You'll never guess who's here.† He looked at me blankly. His head swiveled around, and he spied the Mercedes across the street, the porch light reflecting off the glossy black paint. Before he could react, Alice was in the doorway. â€Å"Hi, Charlie,† she said in a subdued voice. â€Å"I'm sorry I came at such a bad time.† â€Å"Alice Cullen?† he peered at the slight figure in front of him as if he doubted what his eyes were telling him. â€Å"Alice, is that you?† â€Å"It's me,† she confirmed. â€Å"I was in the neighborhood.† â€Å"Is Carlisle† â€Å"No, I'm alone.† Both Alice and I knew he wasn't really asking about Carlisle. His arm tightened over my shoulder. â€Å"She can stay here, can't she?† I pleaded. â€Å"I already asked her.† â€Å"Of course,† Charlie said mechanically. â€Å"We'd love to have you, Alice.† â€Å"Thank you, Charlie. I know it's horrid timing.† â€Å"No, it's fine, really. I'm going to be really busy doing what I can for Harry's family; it will be nice for Bella to have some company.† â€Å"There's dinner for you on the table, Dad,† I told him. â€Å"Thanks, Bell.† He gave me one more squeeze before he shuffled toward the kitchen. Alice went back to the couch, and I followed her. This time, she was the one to pull me against her shoulder. â€Å"You look tired.† â€Å"Yeah,† I agreed, and shrugged. â€Å"Near-death experiences do that to me So, what does Carlisle think of you being here?† â€Å"He doesn't know. He and Esme were on a hunting trip. I'll hear from him in a few days, when he gets back.† â€Å"You won't tell him, though when he checks in again?† I asked. She knew I didn't mean Carlisle now. â€Å"No. He'd bite my head off,† Alice said grimly. I laughed once, and then sighed. I didn't want to sleep. I wanted to stay up all night talking to Alice. And it didn't make sense for me to be tired, what with crashing on Jacob's couch all day. But drowning really had taken a lot out of me, and my eyes wouldn't stay open. I rested my head on her stone shoulder, and drifted into a more peaceful oblivion than I had any hope of. I woke early, from a deep and dreamless sleep, feeling well-rested, but stiff. I was on the couch tucked under the blankets I'd laid out for Alice, and I could hear her and Charlie talking in the kitchen. It sounded like Charlie was fixing her breakfast. â€Å"How bad was it, Charlie?† Alice asked softly, and at first I thought they were talking about the Clearwaters. Charlie sighed. â€Å"Real bad.† â€Å"Tell me about it. I want to know exactly what happened when we left.† There was a pause while a cupboard door was closed and a dial on the stove was clicked off. I waited, cringing. â€Å"I've never felt so helpless,† Charlie began slowly. â€Å"I didn't know what to do. That first weekI thought I was going to have to hospitalize her. She wouldn't eat or drink, she wouldn't move. Dr. Gerandy was throwing around words like ‘catatonic,' but I didn't let him up to see her. I was afraid it would scare her.† â€Å"She snapped out of it though?† â€Å"I had Renee come to take her to Florida. I just didn't want to be the one if she had to go to a hospital or something. I hoped being with her mother would help. But when we started packing her clothes, she woke up with a vengeance. I've never seen Bella throw a fit like that. She was never one for the tantrums, but, boy, did she fly into a fury. She threw her clothes everywhere and screamed that we couldn't make her leaveand then she finally started crying. I thought that would be the turning point. I didn't argue when she insisted on staying here and she did seem to get better at first† Charlie trailed off. It was hard listening to this, knowing how much pain I'd caused him. â€Å"But?† Alice prompted. â€Å"She went back to school and work, she ate and slept and did her homework. She answered when someone asked her a direct question. But she was empty. Her eyes were blank. There were lots of little thingsshe wouldn't listen to music anymore; I found a bunch of CDs broken in the trash. She didn't read; she wouldn't be in the same room when the TV was on, not that she watched it so much before. I finally figured it outshe was avoiding everything that might remind her of him. â€Å"We could hardly talk; I was so worried about saying something that would upset herthe littlest things would make her flinchand she never volunteered anything. She would just answer if I asked her something. â€Å"She was alone all the time. She didn't call her friends back, and after a while, they stopped calling. â€Å"It was night of the living dead around here. I still hear her screaming in her sleep† I could almost see him shuddering. I shuddered, too, remembering. And then I sighed. I hadn't fooled him at all, not for one second. â€Å"I'm so sorry, Charlie,† Alice said, voice glum. â€Å"It's not your fault.† The way he said it made it perfectly clear that he was holding someone responsible. â€Å"You were always a good friend to her.† â€Å"She seems better now, though.† â€Å"Yeah. Ever since she started hanging out with Jacob Black, I've noticed a real improvement. She has some color in her cheeks when she comes home, some light in her eyes. She's happier.† He paused, and his voice was different when he spoke again. â€Å"He's a year or so younger than her, and I know she used to think of him as a friend, but I think maybe it's something more now, or headed that direction, anyway.† Charlie said this in a tone that was almost belligerent. It was a warning, not for Alice, but for her to pass along. â€Å"Jake's old for his years,† he continued, still sounding defensive. â€Å"He's taken care of his father physically the way Bella took care of her mother emotionally. It matured him. He's a good-looking kid, tootakes after his mom's side. He's good for Bella, you know,† Charlie insisted. â€Å"Then it's good she has him,† Alice agreed. Charlie sighed out a big gust of air, folding quickly to the lack of opposition. â€Å"Okay, so I guess that's overstating things. I don't know even with Jacob, now and then I see something in her eyes, and I wonder if I've ever grasped how much pain she's really in It's not normal, Alice, and it it frightens me. Not normal at all. Not like someone left her, but like someone died.† His voice cracked. It was like someone had diedlike I had died. Because it had been more than just losing the truest of true loves, as if that were not enough to kill anyone. It was also losing a whole future, a whole familythe whole life that I'd chosen Charlie went on in a hopeless tone. â€Å"I don't know if she's going to get over itI'm not sure if it's in her nature to heal from something like this. She's always been such a constant little thing. She doesn't get past things, change her mind.† â€Å"She's one of a kind,† Alice agreed in a dry voice. â€Å"And Alice† Charlie hesitated. â€Å"Now, you know how fond I am of you, and I can tell that she's happy to see you, but I'm a little worried about what your visit will do to her.† â€Å"So am I, Charlie, so am I. I wouldn't have come if I'd had any idea. I'm sorry.† â€Å"Don't apologize, honey. Who knows? Maybe it will be good for her.† â€Å"I hope you're right.† There was a long break while forks scraped plates and Charlie chewed. I wondered where Alice was hiding the food. â€Å"Alice, I have to ask you something,† Charlie said awkwardly. Alice was calm. â€Å"Go ahead.† â€Å"He's not coming back to visit, too, is he?† I could hear the suppressed anger in Charlie's voice. Alice answered in a soft, reassuring tone. â€Å"He doesn't even know I'm here. The last time I spoke with him, he was in South America.† I stiffened as I heard this new information, and listened harder. â€Å"That's something, at least.† Charlie snorted. â€Å"Well, I hope he's enjoying himself.† For the first time, Alice's voice had a bit of steel in it. â€Å"I wouldn't make assumptions, Charlie.† I knew how her eyes would flash when she used that tone. A chair scooted from the table, scraping loudly across the floor. I pictured Charlie getting up; there was no way Alice would make that kind of noise. The faucet ran, splashing against a dish. It didn't sound like they were going to say anything more about Edward, so I decided it was time to wake up. I turned over, bouncing against the springs to make them squeak. Then I yawned loudly. All was quiet in the kitchen. I stretched and groaned. â€Å"Alice?† I asked innocently; the soreness rasping in my throat added nicely to the charade. â€Å"I'm in the kitchen, Bella,† Alice called, no hint in her voice that she suspected my eavesdropping. But she was good at hiding things like that. Charlie had to leave thenhe was helping Sue Clearwater with the funeral arrangements. It would have been a very long day without Alice. She never spoke about leaving, and I didn't ask her. I knew it was inevitable, but I put it out of my mind. Instead, we talked about her familyall but one. Carlisle was working nights in Ithaca and teaching part time at Cornell. Esme was restoring a seventeenth century house, a historical monument, in the forest north of the city. Emmett and Rosalie had gone to Europe for a few months on another honeymoon, but they were back now. Jasper was at Cornell, too, studying philosophy this time. And Alice had been doing some personal research, concerning the information I'd accidentally uncovered for her last spring. She'd successfully tracked down the asylum where she'd spent the last years of her human life. The life she had no memory of. â€Å"My name was Mary Alice Brandon,† she told me quietly. â€Å"I had a little sister named Cynthia. Her daughtermy nieceis still alive in Biloxi.† â€Å"Did you find out why they put you in that place?† What would drive parents to that extreme? Even if their daughter saw visions of the future She just shook her head, her topaz eyes thoughtful. â€Å"I couldn't find much about them. I went through all the old newspapers on microfiche. My family wasn't mentioned often; they weren't part of the social circle that made the papers. My parents' engagement was there, and Cynthia's.† The name fell uncertainly from her tongue. â€Å"My birth was announced and my death. I found my grave. I also filched my admissions sheet from the old asylum archives. The date on the admission and the date on my tombstone are the same.† I didn't know what to say, and, after a short pause, Alice moved on to lighter topics. The Cullens were reassembled now, with the one exception, spending Cornell's spring break in Denali with Tanya and her family. I listened too eagerly to even the most trivial news. She never mentioned the one I was most interested in, and for that I was grateful. It was enough to listen to the stories of the family I'd once dreamed of belonging to. Charlie didn't get back until after dark, and he looked more worn than he had the night before. He would be headed back to the reservation first thing in the morning for Harry's funeral, so he turned in early. I stayed on the couch with Alice again. Charlie was almost a stranger when he came down the stairs before the sun was up, wearing an old suit I'd never seen him in before. The jacket hung open; I guessed it was too tight to fasten the buttons. His tie was a bit wide for the current style. He tiptoed to the door, trying not to wake us up. I let him go, pretending to sleep, as Alice did on the recliner. As soon as he was out the door, Alice sat up. Under the quilt, she was fully dressed. â€Å"So, what are we doing today?† she asked. â€Å"I don't knowdo you see anything interesting happening?† She smiled and shook her head. â€Å"But it's still early.† All the time I'd been spending in La Push meant a pile of things I'd been neglecting at home, and I decided to catch up on my chores. I wanted to do something, anything that might make life easier for Charliemaybe it would make him feel just a little better to come home to a clean, organized house. I started with the bathroomit showed the most signs of neglect. While I worked, Alice leaned against the doorjamb and asked nonchalant questions about my, well, our high school friends and what they been up to since she'd left. Her face stayed casual and emotionless, but I sensed her disapproval when she realized how little I could tell her. Or maybe I just had a guilty conscience after eavesdropping on her conversation with Charlie yesterday morning. I was literally up to my elbows in Comet, scrubbing the floor of the bathtub, when the doorbell rang. I looked to Alice at once, and her expression was perplexed, almost worried, which was strange; Alice was never taken by surprise. â€Å"Hold on!† I shouted in the general direction of the front door, getting up and hurrying to the sink to rinse my arms off. â€Å"Bella,† Alice said with a trace of frustration in her voice, â€Å"I have a fairly good guess who that might be, and I think I'd better step out.† â€Å"Guess?† I echoed. Since when did Alice have to guess anything? â€Å"If this is a repeat of my egregious lapse in foresight yesterday, then it's most likely Jacob Black or one of his friends.† I stared at her, putting it together. â€Å"You can't see werewolves?† She grimaced. â€Å"So it would seem.† She was obviously annoyed by this factvery annoyed. The doorbell rang againbuzzing twice quickly and impatiently. â€Å"You don't have go anywhere, Alice. You were here first.† She laughed her silvery little laughit had a dark edge. â€Å"Trust meit wouldn't be a good idea to have me and Jacob Black in a room together.† She kissed my cheek swiftly before she vanished through Charlie's doorand out his back window, no doubt. The doorbell rang again.